Why is copper piping important in refrigeration and air conditioning systems?

Copper piping has been used in refrigeration circuits for many years due to their excellent thermal conductivity, durability and corrosion resistance.

Thermal conductivity

One of the main reasons copper is used in cooling systems is its excellent thermal conductivity. Copper is one of the best thermal conductors among all metals, which means it can transfer heat efficiently from one point to another. Compared to other metals such as steel or aluminium, copper has a significantly higher thermal conductivity, which is approximately 20 times higher than, for example, the thermal conductivity of stainless steel. This means that the copper tubes can more efficiently dissipate heat from the cooling system, resulting in a more efficient and reliable system overall.

Durability and strength

Another key advantage of copper pipes is their durability and strength because copper is a highly durable material that can withstand high pressures and extreme temperatures. Copper tubes are usually made of a high-strength alloy, which makes them more resistant to cracking or splitting under pressure because in refrigeration circuits the tubes are exposed to high-pressure refrigerant and oil. It can also withstand repeated heating and cooling cycles without cracking or weakening because the circuits experience frequent temperature changes as the refrigerant circulates through the system.

Corrosion resistance

Copper pipes also offer excellent corrosion resistance because they are exposed to refrigerants and other chemicals that can corrode and damage pipes. Copper has a natural resistance to corrosion due to the formation of a protective oxide layer on its surface. This oxide layer forms quickly and creates a barrier between the copper and the surrounding environment, preventing further corrosion. In addition, copper is resistant to dezincification (a form of corrosion), which can occur in brass fittings. Zinc plating can cause leaks in the system if the fittings are exposed to certain chemicals.

Copper refrigerant pipe fittings are also relatively easy to install, which can save time and money during the installation process. Copper tubing can be easily bent and shaped without the need for special tools or equipment, making it ideal for use in confined spaces or systems with complex configurations.

Copper tubes are also easily joined by soldering to create a tight, leak-free connection as even small leaks can lead to reduced system efficiency and increased energy consumption.